What is Autism?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental condition that affects how a person interacts with others, communicates, learns, and behaves. Although it can be diagnosed at any age, it’s usually described as a developmental disorder because symptoms typically appear during the first two years of life.

Understanding ASD

ASD is not an illness—it’s a way of experiencing and interacting with the world. This means there is no “cure,” but there are many ways to support each person so they can reach their full potential. The spectrum is broad: while some individuals need significant support in daily life, others may live with greater independence.

Recognizing this diversity is key to avoiding stereotypes and understanding that every experience within the spectrum is unique.

Common characteristics

People with ASD often share certain traits, which can vary in how strongly they appear and how they manifest:

• Challenges in communication and social interaction: They may find it difficult to start or maintain conversations, understand facial expressions and body language, or interpret others’ emotions.
• Limited interests and repetitive behaviors: They might focus intensely on specific topics or repeat certain routines or movements.
• Impact on daily life: These traits can affect performance at school, at work, or in social relationships.

The importance of inclusion

Talking about autism also means talking about inclusion. Understanding and accepting differences helps us build fairer, more accessible, and more respectful communities and spaces. Adapting communication, fostering empathy, and valuing the strengths and talents of people with ASD are essential steps toward helping every individual thrive.